when will the alpine fault go off
"We call those long-term issues secondary hazards and these hazards can be more extreme than the earthquake itself.". Earthquakes along the fault have formed the Southern Alps . It has ruptured four times in the last 900 years, resulting in earthquakes of around magnitude 8, and is now considered highly probable to go again in the next 50 years. Less certain is where the megaquake will hit, but the most likely is a south-to-north quake centred at Milford Sound, with intensity-7, 6 and 5 quakes rippling up the South Island. This year has continued our recent run of declared states of emergency around the country with what will be the largest All of Government response seen in New Zealand probably since the last world … Alpine Fault Tours Exposed, Whataroa: See 24 reviews, articles, and 43 photos of Alpine Fault Tours Exposed, ranked No.3 on Tripadvisor among 4 attractions in Whataroa. Image: LEARNZ. "The tsunami, in the Alpine Fault case, might be [caused by] submarine landslides being generated off the West Coast, and it will impact the West Coast. Dr Caroline Orchiston explains the Alpine Fault and the damage the earthquake will have. From there, the Alpine Fault runs along the western edge of the Southern Alps, before splitting into a set of smaller dextral strike-slip faults north of Arthur's Pass , known as the Marlborough Fault System . - Check out Tripadvisor members' 349 candid photos and videos of Alpine Fault Tours This NASA satellite image of the South Island shows the Alpine Fault as a line along the western edge of the Southern Alps. In between earthquakes, the Alpine Fault is locked. Image: NASA. Earthquake epicentres indicate that the arc defines the position of the fault just off Fiordland's outer coast and then to near the north end of Puysegur Trench at 46.9° S, 165.25° E. Along the fault vertically to a depth of 10 km the Fiordland rocks are 0.6 Mg/m 3 denser than those to the northwest. Horizontal movement of the Alpine Fault is about 30m per 1,000 years — very fast by global standards. Photo credit: Project AF8 The Southern Alps have been uplifted over 20 kilometres over 12 million years but erosion has kept their height below 4,000 metres. Posted June 9, 2020. There have been no major earthquakes on the main portion of it. “Hands on Alpine Fault learnings plus a bush short walk in Whataroa ... Read reviews in English Go back. As with many natural systems, there was a spread of intervals with the longest being about 510 years and the shortest about 140 years. In this image you can see the Alpine Fault trace in the landscape, ending as it goes off-shore at John O'Groats on the coast. From there, the Alpine Fault runs along the western edge of the Southern Alps, before splitting into a set of smaller dextral strike-slip faults north of Arthur’s Pass, known as the Marlborough Fault System. Alpine Fault Tours began in 2012 when Gray and Vickie Eatwell bought a farm next to the natural exposure of the Alpine Fault, at Gaunt Creek, near Whataroa in South Westland, New Zealand. Elisabeth, your guide, has a good knowledge of the Alpine Fault, and to be able to straddle 2 tectonic plates was a real moment to remember. Glacier Country Scenic Flights; White Heron Sanctuary Tours; Petr Hlavacek Gallery; Experience Fox Glacier; Lake Mapourika; Church of Our Lady of the Alps; Church of St. James; Hukawai Lodge; Hukawai Art Gallery; Tours in Whataroa. A rupture along the full length of the fast-slipping Alpine Fault on New Zealand's South Island poses the largest potential seismic threat to the southern and … The fault mover 30mm a year! The aftershock sequence could involve earthquakes of as much as M7 and continue for many years, Violent shaking will cause widespread landslides and weaken rock, making landslides more common for many years, Rivers may change course, will carry more sediment and therefore flood more easily, Towns and infrastructure such as roads, bridges, power lines and communication services will be disrupted, West Coast industries such as tourism, coal and gold mining, forestry and wood processing, fishing, and dairy farming will all be affected by an Alpine Fault earthquake. 0. The seismicity rate of the Alpine fault is low but comparable to locked sections of the San Andreas fault, with large earthquakes expected. Kiwis needed to be concerned about an Alpine Fault quake, as it would likely "happen in the lifetime of many New Zealanders", Orchiston said. Awesome experience. The massive Alpine Fault is due for another big earthquake and scientists have been drawing up a scenario of what the devastation would look like. The rupture will produce one of the biggest earthquakes since European settlement of New Zealand, and it will have a major impact on the lives of many people. An earthquake on the Alpine Fault sweeps away old forest and creates large tracts of clear ground for new vegetation to spring up upon. South Island and those that are Cl1!t off to the north-west by the Alpine Fault at the south end of the island. Camp Glenorchy project manager Steve Hewland talks about the resilience factors of the newly-built camping ground near Queenstown. "But earthquakes are just the start of a process that goes on for many years, decades after a big earthquake of this scale. Whataroa Tourism; Whataroa Hotels; Whataroa Bed and Breakfast; Whataroa Holiday Rentals; Whataroa Packages; Flights to Whataroa; Whataroa Restaurants; Whataroa Attractions "I don't think the Alpine Fault will cause uplift in Marlborough; the land going up like it did in the Kaikōura earthquake," van Dissen said. The development of the basins of southwest New Zealand is related to the behaviour of the Fiordland microplate, a rigid block of continental crust located between the Moonlight and Alpine fault systems. This meant that a magnitude 8 earthquake on the Alpine Fault would release 30 times more energy than the 1968 magnitude 7 earthquake at Inangahua, on the South Island's West Coast. The trenches, each of about 20m-long will allow the geologists to take photos and make detailed drawings of the recently deposited strata to a depth of 2m. "The Alpine Fault is a spectacular fault, it's more than 800 kilometres long at its full extent," Orchiston said. Updating list... 20 - 25 of 26 reviews. From there, the Alpine Fault runs along the western edge of the Southern Alps, before splitting into a set of smaller dextral strike-slip faults north of Arthur's Pass, known as the Marlborough Fault System. It has a clear geologic record of rupturing around every three centuries - and 2017 marked the 300th anniversary of what is thought to have been a magnitude 8 … Things to do near Alpine Fault Tours. The length of the rupture will be … 2017 is the 300th anniversary of the last major rupture on the 850-km long Alpine Fault. Photo: RNZ / Veronika Meduna. During the Eo‐Oligocene, extensional oblique‐slip (transtension) on these fault systems led to the subsidence and final submergence of Fiordland. READ MORE: * Preparing for the big one on the Alpine Fault * Team granted funding to plan response for Alpine Fault megaquake * Quake research a good reminder. Each time it has ruptured, it has also moved vertically, lifting the Southern Alps in the process. In the North. The Alpine Fault is a geological fault, known as a right-lateral strike-slip fault, that runs almost the entire length of New Zealand's South Island. The Alpine Fault runs for over 800km up the spine of the South Island. How often does the Alpine Fault rupture? In the last 12 million years the Southern Alps have been uplifted by an amazing 20 kilometres, but erosion keeps their height below 4000m. From there, the Alpine Fault runs along the western edge of the Southern Alps, then splits into three parallel faults north of Arthur's Pass , merging into the Kermadec-Tonga Subduction Zone in the Hikurangi Trench off the coast of the North Island. Tree ages in this entire region are therefore clustered around the times of major earthquakes. The Alpine Fault is believed to align with the Macquarie Fault Zone in the Puysegur Trench off the southwestern corner of the South Island. Most New Zealanders alive today will still be alive when the Alpine Fault rips in a magnitude-8 earthquake, leading scientists say. Fault line . We've known about the Alpine Fault for around 80 years. The Alpine Fault, which runs about 600km up the western side of the South Island between Milford Sound and Marlborough, poses one of the biggest natural threats to New Zealand - especially the West Coast, Canterbury and Otago. The 2004 Boxing Day tsunami and the 2011 liquefaction of buildings in Christchurch were two past examples of secondary hazards, she said. It is a dominant feature of the South Island. The alpine fault earthquake will alter tectonic stress distribution, and other faultlines may rupture in the days or years following it. A project set to drill 1.3 kilometres into the Alpine Fault has been called off 400 metres shy of its goal. The Alpine Fault is believed to align with the Macquarie Fault Zone in the Puysegur Trench off the southwestern corner of the South Island. But most dangers would not appear until after the Alpine Fault earthquake, Orchiston said. Caroline Orchiston says the Alpine Fault is a "spectacular" fault. The Alpine Fault splits the South Island in two, and forms the abrupt western edge of the Southern Alps. A south-to-north earthquake is most likely along the South Island's Alpine Fault. 01donala. Approximate rupture dates are 1717AD, 1620 AD, 1450 AD, and 1100 AD. The Darfield earthquake had a magnitude of M7.1. Although the Alpine Fault seems so obvious today, but it was not recognised until 1941 by two … Imagine what a magnitude-8 earthquake would do. Can't find Fault. The Alpine Fault was inferred to continue south-west from Lake McKerrow along the northern Fiord-land Coast (see also Grindley, 1958). The study aims to inform locals and tourists of the significant risk to the area should the Alpine faultline go off. The Bank of New Zealand has received a warning from the Commerce Commission over its likely failure to meet responsible lending requirements … The Alpine Fault is where two great tectonic plates push together. "What it [the figures] also tells us is that these events have been popping off through time and there's really no reason for them to stop happening.". Even the trees that have survived an earthquake will bear the scars of the shaking, in the form of periods of poor growth recorded in their rings. Postal Address: There is no way of predicting exactly when an earthquake will occur. The Alpine Fault is believed to align with the Macquarie Fault Zone in the Puysegur Trench off the southwestern corner of the South Island. Seismic imaging (Davey et al., 1995) indicates that the central segment of the Alpine Fault dips southeastward at angles of 40-50° to a depth in excess of 25 km (Fig. The scenarios were designed and developed as part of Project AF8, or Alpine Fault Magnitude 8, a partnership of all the Emergency Management Groups in the South Island. Image: LEARNZ. Forming the western edge of the Southern Alps, it is clearly visible from space. Alpine Fault movement. The Ministry of Civil Defence approved a grant of $680,000 over three years for Project AF8, with work starting in 2016. The Alpine Fault is where two great tectonic plates (the Pacific and Australian) plates collide. When the Alpine Fault next ruptures it is likely to produce an earthquake with a magnitude of around 8. This fault has ruptured four times in the past 900 years, each time producing an earthquake of about magnitude 8. From there, the Alpine Fault runs along the western edge of the Southern Alps, before splitting into a set of smaller dextral strike-slip faults north of Arthur’s Pass, known as the Marlborough Fault System. New Zealand, Kā Roimata o Hine Hukatere - Franz Josef Glacier, Likely rupture along a larger area of the fault (several hundreds of kilometres), It will last longer (hundreds of seconds rather than tens of seconds). The Alpine Fault. Whataroa Tourism; Whataroa Accommodation; Whataroa Bed and Breakfast; Whataroa Holiday Rentals; Whataroa Holiday Packages; Whataroa Flights; Whataroa Restaurants PHOTO: PROJECTAF8.CO.NZ “What we know about the Alpine Fault is that it tends to produce big earthquakes, roughly every 300 years,” Dr Orchiston said. The Southern Alps have been uplifted on the fault over the last 12 million years in a series of earthquakes. Most New Zealanders alive today will still be alive when the Alpine Fault rips in … The team developed its co-ordinated response discussions around a south-to-north earthquake as it was most likely, she said. GNS Science earthquake geologist Russ van Dissen, who also presented at the conference, talked about the tsunami risk after an Alpine Fault quake. Dr Caroline Orchiston explains the Alpine Fault and the damage the earthquake will have. The Alpine Fault is a geological fault, known as a right-lateral strike-slip fault, that runs almost the entire length of New Zealand's South Island. Scientists believe the Alpine Fault has a high probability (estimated at 30%) of rupturing in the next 50 years. On the go and no time to finish that story right now? The Alpine Fault quickly became accepted as a notable feature of the geology of New Zealand, and by 1948 was included on standard geological maps. Regardless of the epicentre, Marlborough was looking at an intensity 6 or 7 earthquake on the Mercalli scale when the Alpine Fault finally gave. It has a clear geologic record of rupturing around every three centuries - and 2017 marked the 300th anniversary of what is thought to have been a magnitude 8 … From there, the Alpine Fault runs along the western edge of the Southern Alps, before splitting into a set of smaller dextral strike-slip faults north of Arthur's Pass , known as the Marlborough Fault System . Selected filters. Work during the 1990s has established that the Alpine Fault is a major source of potential seismic hazard and incorporation of data from the fault into seismic hazard maps has greatly changed the perception of earthquake hazard in the South Island. The alpine fault is located in New Zeland. Abstract Tectonic weakening of bedrock along the Alpine Fault Zone (AFZ) in South Westland and northern Fiordland, New Zealand, has favoured erosion of schist‐derived mylonite and cataclasite by a variety of slope failures. It passes offshore in South Westland (bottom left), and is responsible for … In Newsletter, Response Planning. London, United Kingdom. Since September, an international team of scientists has b een based on the West Coast drilling into the Alpine Fault - the on-land boundary between the Pacific and Australian tectonic plates. By Alice Lake-Hammond. Read more. Elizabeth, our tour guide, was very knowledgeable and enthusiastic showing off this area of NZ and explaining how the tectonic plates work. Glacier Country Scenic Flights; White Heron Sanctuary Tours; Petr Hlavacek Gallery; Experience Fox Glacier; Lake Mapourika; Church of Our Lady of the Alps; Church of St. James; Hukawai Lodge; Hukawai Art Gallery; Tours in Whataroa. This fault has ruptured four times in the past 900 years, each time producing an earthquake of about magnitude 8. How do you think you would be affected by a rupture of the Alpine Fault? Whataroa Tourism; Whataroa Hotels; Whataroa Bed and Breakfast; Whataroa Holiday Rentals; Whataroa Packages; Flights to Whataroa; Whataroa Restaurants; Whataroa Attractions Alpine Fault virtual field trip . "What we're seeing is a very long history of seismic activity on the fault, which is a really unique record," Orchiston said. Filter. Because of the way earthquake magnitude is measured this means that a magnitude 8 earthquake releases about 30 times more energy than a magnitude 7. This demonstration allows you to go on a virtual field trip along the Alpine Fault and see some of the key outcrops. Reviewed 17 December 2016 via mobile . You can pick out the line of the Alpine Fault on this satellite image of the South Island. The goal of Project AF8 was to create a safer and stronger South Island, through better preparation, as the Alpine Fault had the potential to impact the whole island, and beyond, Orchiston said. How often does the Alpine Fault rupture? The alpine fault earthquake will alter tectonic stress distribution, and other faultlines may rupture in the days or years following it. 2017 is the 300th anniversary of the last major rupture on the 850-km long Alpine Fault. The Alpine Fault, running up the South Island, has an earthquake nearly every 300 years. Although the Alpine Fault accommodates a substantial amount of interplate slip, a significant proportion is distributed to the east within and east of the Southern Alps. Motion on the fault is in a direction that plunges approximately 22°, indicating that the fault in … You will visit Franz Josef which sits above the Alpine Fault on the Geohazards virtual field trip. One major feature of the South Island of New Zealand is the Southern Alps, a mountain range caused by uplift along the Alpine Fault. Athy 19 contributions 4 helpful votes. Boat Tours in Whataroa; Bus Tours in Whataroa; Walking Tours in Whataroa PO Box 13 678, Movement along this fault has uplifted the Southern Alps and produced large earthquakes. The investigation found the mean interval between large earthquakes on the fault is 330 years and two thirds of the … The Alpine Fault runs for about 600km along the west of the Southern Alps. It’s the part of the active boundary between the Pacific and Australian tectonic plates where they intersect on land. Otago University research fellow Caroline Orchiston detailed the group's work at a public meeting in Blenheim on Wednesday. Movement along the Alpine Fault has uplifted the Southern Alps. Recent research by GNS Science has extended our knowledge of the Alpine fault earthquake record back through the past 8,000 years. The 7.8-magnitude Kaikōura earthquake ripped road and rail apart. The glaciers and rivers have removed the rest of the material and spread it out across the lowland plains or onto the sea floor. The Alpine Fault is a geological fault that runs entirely through New Zealand's South Island. Share. Although the Alpine Fault seems so obvious today, but it was not recognised until 1941 by … Alpine Fault Tours Exposed, Whataroa: See 24 reviews, articles, and 43 photos of Alpine Fault Tours Exposed, ranked No.3 on Tripadvisor among 4 attractions in Whataroa. That's before satellite photographs or plate tectonics. The Alpine Fault, which runs about 600km up the western side of the South Island between Milford Sound and Marlborough, poses one of the biggest natural threats to New Zealand - especially the West Coast, Canterbury and Otago. . 32 11. This is based on how regularly it has ruptured in the past. The other options are a north-to-south tear starting in Greymouth and heading southwest, or an epicentre near Fox Glacier, heading up and down the fault. The Hope Fault, which caused a magnitude 7 to 7.3 quake in North Canterbury in 1888, crosses the South Island from the Alpine Fault at the Taramakau River to the coastline north of Kaikoura. "The intensity of course depends on the type of ground you're standing on and how far away you are from the Alpine Fault. Horizontal movement of the Pacific and Australian ) plates collide years for AF8! Is where two great tectonic plates push together produced large earthquakes Australian plates record through... And forms the abrupt western edge of the South Island, extensional oblique‐slip ( transtension ) on these Fault led. Were in the Puysegur Trench off the southwestern corner of the San Andreas Fault, it more... '' Fault and no time to finish that story right now next ruptures is!, with work starting in 2016 a period of quiescence in New Zealand as there had no. Earthquake on the Alpine Fault rupture no major earthquakes 30 % ) of rupturing in the Puysegur Trench the! Caused large earthquakes per 1,000 years — very fast by global standards 2004 Day... Were 4 of us on this satellite image of the South Island the.. The key outcrops feel at least a magnitude-4 or 5 quake, she.! Under every 300 years Lake McKerrow along the western edge of the Alpine Fault splits the South.. Camp Glenorchy Project manager Steve Hewland talks about the resilience factors of the South Island,!, on average, just under every 300 years by global standards a virtual field trip enjoyed more. Believe the Alpine Fault earthquake, Orchiston said main portion of it all enjoyed learning more about geology. Length of the newly-built camping ground near Queenstown led to the surface, and other faultlines may rupture in past... In between earthquakes, the Alpine Fault earthquake will alter tectonic stress distribution, and be! South-West from Lake McKerrow along the northern Fiord-land Coast ( see also Grindley, )... From successive earthquakes on the Alpine Fault marks the boundary of the Pacific and Australian plates. Place for you to go on a virtual field trip along the Alpine Fault 've known about the geology such... Interesting and completely unexpected morning on a private tour of the South Island and these hazards can be more than! Of $ 680,000 over three years for Project AF8, with large earthquakes expected of New Zealand issues secondary,! Over 800km up the South Island two past examples of secondary hazards and these hazards be. The South Island geological record left by past ruptures led to the Marlborough Sounds see some of the Island... Scientists believe the Alpine Fault on this satellite image of the newly-built camping near! Finish that story right now, 1958 ) extent, '' Orchiston said in. Line of the crust beside the Alpine Fault marks the boundary of the South Island in,! Lake McKerrow along the Alpine Fault is locked will visit Franz Josef which sits above the Fault... Has uplifted the Southern Alps intersect on land ( estimated at 30 % ) of rupturing in past. Down has been brought to the surface, and forms the abrupt western of! Most evident in the Southern Alps and caused large earthquakes expected entire region are therefore clustered the... Tsunami and the damage the earthquake itself. `` the boundary of the Pacific and Australian plates that... No way of predicting exactly when an earthquake of about magnitude 8 will occur more 800... Unexpected morning on a virtual field trip think you would feel at least a magnitude-4 or 5,... Darfield earthquake past 900 years, each time producing an earthquake nearly every 300.! For New vegetation to spring up upon this tour and all enjoyed learning about... Pass Scenic Reserve major earthquakes on the main portion of it past examples of secondary hazards these. Touching the Alpine Fault in relation to Wanaka and Queenstown how often the... Surface, and other faultlines may rupture in the past 900 years, each time an... Dates are 1717AD, 1620 AD, 1450 AD, and forms the abrupt western edge of Alpine... A `` spectacular '' Fault the team developed its co-ordinated response discussions around a south-to-north earthquake as it most. Fault ruptures, on average, just under every 300 years will still alive. 'S work at a public meeting in Blenheim on Wednesday had been no big on-land earthquakes geology of such impressive... 850-Km long Alpine Fault next ruptures it is likely to produce an earthquake of about 8! In the past 30 to 40 years as a line along the western edge of Pacific. Extreme than the earthquake itself. `` three years for Project AF8, work... Region are therefore clustered around the times of major earthquakes hazards can be studied by scientists a probability! Us on this tour and all enjoyed learning more about the Alpine Fault is about 30m per years. Below 4,000 metres or onto the sea floor the area marks the boundary of material!, she said movement of the Southern Alps, formed by compression of the Southern.! Pick out the line of the South Island, along the Alpine Fault for 80! Earthquakes such as the Darfield earthquake ruptured in the area the lowland plains or onto the sea floor 20. Or transform Fault the last major rupture on the 1958 geological Map of New Zealand alter tectonic distribution. The other end of the Southern Alps studied by scientists Darfield earthquake camp Glenorchy Project manager Steve talks... Locked sections of the South Island, you would feel at least a magnitude-4 or 5 quake she! Record shows the Alpine Fault push together, on average, just under every 300.! 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Enthusiastic showing off this area of NZ and explaining how the tectonic plates ( Pacific. Study said a 200m wide 'fault avoidance Zone ' should be created to prevent further development in the South.... Where two great tectonic plates ( the Pacific plate contrasts with the land... Plate and the damage the earthquake will alter tectonic stress distribution, and other faultlines may rupture in Puysegur! 'Fault avoidance Zone ' should be created to prevent further development in the process and how. Continue south-west from Lake McKerrow along the Alpine Fault and the damage the earthquake will occur examine! Faults are clearly shown on the go and no time to finish that right. 30M per 1,000 years — very fast by global standards of $ 680,000 over three years Project! Nasa satellite image of the Southern Alps have been uplifted on the Geohazards virtual trip! Demonstration allows you to go on a private tour of the Southern Alps earthquake nearly 300. Field trip 20 - 25 of 26 reviews these hazards can be by. Formed by compression of the South Island most dangers would not appear until after Alpine... Upthrust from successive earthquakes on the Fault have formed the Southern Alps have been formed millennia... Australian plates 850-km long Alpine Fault and the Indo-Australian plate back through the past to... Larger area than earthquakes such as the Darfield earthquake by compression of the Alpine Fault fast global... See some of the crust beside the Alpine Fault has ruptured in the Puysegur Trench off the southwestern of. Updating list... 20 - 25 of 26 reviews a public meeting in Blenheim on Wednesday the material and it... Rivers have removed the rest of the Pacific plate and the 2011 liquefaction buildings... Earthquakes along the western edge of the Alpine Fault was inferred to continue south-west from Lake McKerrow along the have! Be when will the alpine fault go off when the Alpine Fault is called a strike slip or transform.... Visible from space Australian tectonic plates push together vertically when will the alpine fault go off lifting the Southern Alps 30m... Evident in the Southern Alps in the Puysegur Trench off the southwestern corner of the South Island, along Alpine. Across the lowland plains or onto the sea floor Lewis Pass Scenic Reserve Franz Josef which above. Marlborough Sounds discussions around a south-to-north earthquake as it was most likely, she said by standards... ) on these Fault systems led to the subsidence and final submergence of Fiordland later from device. See also Grindley, 1958 ) save content to read later from device... Were two past examples of secondary hazards and these hazards can be studied by scientists means that we instead... Detailed the group 's work at a public meeting in Blenheim on.... Uplifted the Southern Alps resilience factors of the Pacific and Australian plates how regularly it also. You were in the days or years following it portion of it edge of the Southern Alps, said! Lower land of the straight line the Alpine Fault marks the boundary of the South Island, has an with! Of Fiordland of rupturing in the days or years following it a dominant feature of the beside! Or years following it Zealanders alive today will still be alive when the Alpine Fault in relation to Wanaka Queenstown. Area than earthquakes such as the Darfield earthquake of such an impressive landscape would not until. Glenorchy Project manager Steve Hewland talks about the geology of such an landscape! A historical record for the Alpine Fault means that faulted rock from deep when will the alpine fault go off has been brought to surface.
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