which of the following best explains diffusion?which of the following best explains diffusion?

• April 9, 2023
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The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Your cells have a plasma membrane that helps to guard your cells from unwanted intruders. Palm oil, an edible vegetable oil used in processing packaged food products, is obtained from the fruit of the oil palm tree, grown only in the tropics. Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory? O To edit the mRNA strand and make it ready to leave the nucleus. To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. After addition of 1.00mL1.00 \mathrm{~mL}1.00mL of 2.00102M2.00 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M}2.00102M NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl, the potential changed to 0.1846V-0.1846 \mathrm{~V}0.1846V. Calculate the Na+\mathrm{Na}^{+}Na+concentration of the original solution. Active transport mechanisms can be divided into two categories. This makes it easier for the dye to get mixed throughout the hot water. No, because the potassium is highly concentrated in the cell, and so that's where the molecules must go(based on active transport going low concentration to high concentration). Phosphorylation makes the pump change shape, re-orienting itself so it opens towards the extracellular space. how does the antiporter provide energy for molecules to go in the "opposite" direction? Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to ____. A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is ________ to the cell. Here, the cell can't import glucose for free using diffusion, because the natural tendency of the glucose will be to diffuse. As a prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, the DNA is in the cytoplasm. Simple diffusion is merely the movement of molecules along their concentration gradient without the direct involvement of any other molecules. If a route such as a channel or carrier protein is open, sodium ions will move down their concentration gradient and return to the interior of the cell. Here, well look in more detail at gradients of molecules that exist across cell membranes, how they can help or hinder transport, and how active transport mechanisms allow molecules to move against their gradients. Which of the following best explains diffusion? What process permits absorption of glucose into cells? What do you predict will happen to the person's cells? "Diffusion. Stirring increases the area of interaction between the two chemicals and allows these molecules to diffuse towards each other more quickly. Active transport mechanisms do just this, expending energy (often in the form of ATP) to maintain the right concentrations of ions and molecules in living cells. Simple diffusion can be disrupted if the diffusion distance is increased. At any given temperature, the diffusion of a smaller particle will be more rapid than that of a larger-sized molecule. One phosphate group from ATP is attached to the pump, which is then said to be phosphorylated. Which statement displays the address of the variable num1? Remember that there is water outside the cell, and the cytoplasm inside the cell is mostly water as well. This means that the dry ice (or even regular ice) will evaporate faster on a warmer day, simply because each molecule is moving with greater energy and is more likely to quickly escape the confines of a solid state. if there are more Potassium ions in a cell, how is the cell negatively charged? No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. It can involve either the spreading of a material through a medium or the transport of a particle across a membrane. The rate of this movement depends on the energy of the . If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in a(n): The total solute concentration of a red blood cell is about 2%. The SER synthesizes the majority of the lipid components of the plasma membrane. If you knew the answer, tap the green Know box. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions? You would need to create a new account. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Because of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid, the molecule must be arranged in a specific pattern as only certain parts of the molecule can physically be in contact with water. \end{aligned} This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. _{15}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \beta+^{32} \mathrm{b} \end{aligned} The reaction proceeds towards completion at a faster rate. What process does water use to move across the plasma membrane? Agricultural technology has increased the economy of scale and the carrying capacity of feedlots, increasing profits for the farmer. This apparent slowing down is due to the fact that, over time, the larger container begins to have enough iodine gas that some of it will be moving backwards towards the crucible. Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will take in water across their membranes until both the external solution and the cytosol are isotonic. In this experiment, you will experience how temperature affects the mixing of food coloring drops with water. Never needs the presence of any other molecule C. Diffusion of every molecule is dependent on its concentration gradient and independent of the concentration of other molecular species in the medium D. All of the above, 2. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. This statement describes _____. The two images represent different agricultural land survey patterns. The conversion from manual thread spinning to an industrial processing approach led to increased demand for raw cotton in the agricultural sector. For instance, one of the ways in which polyester is synthesized is by mixing the appropriate organic acid and alcohol in their liquid form. Explain the components present in a phospholipid. Which of the following best explains the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication? When red blood cells are in a hypertonic (higher concentration) solution, water flows out of the cell faster than it comes in. diffusion: [noun] the state of being spread out or transmitted especially by contact : the action of diffusing. His feet and legs were swollen with fluid. Which of the following is not a major function of proteins in the cell membrane? For best results enter two or more search terms. osmosis, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion are all what type of process? Therefore, they are NOT able to __________. Township and range: unit-block field patterns with dispersed farmsteads and occasional villages. The electrochemical gradients set up by primary active transport store energy, which can be released as the ions move back down their gradients. Though water is a polar molecule, it can also diffuse through the plasma membrane. The cell membrane allows the cell to stay structurally intact in its water-based environment. The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Its tempting to simply make an argument based on stoichiometry: for every three ions of sodium that move out, only two ions of potassium move in, resulting in a more negative cell interior. Spontaneous activity releases energy, non-spontaneous activity (like moving something against its concentration gradient) requires energy. Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia? Can you predict, based on the first way of doing the experiment, what might change, if anything? Some molecules can go through the cell membrane to enter and leave the cell, but some cannot. The membrane potential of a typical cell is -40 to -80 millivolts, with the minus sign meaning that inside of the cell is more negative than the outside, As an example of how the membrane potential can affect ion movement, lets look at sodium and potassium ions. Between 1950 and 1990, wheat production in India in average pounds per acre more than tripled, which allowed India to meet its populations need for food. molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP. It will bind two of them, and this triggers removal of the phosphate group attached to the pump in step 2. in a symporter it makes sense that the flow of one ion should cause other molecules to go along with it, however in an antiporter, what causes the other molecule to move up its conc. Which of the following best explains the economic advantage of the type of farm-produced goods shown in the images? Image depicting the charge and ion distribution across the membrane of a typical cell. This statement describes _____. Banana plants were brought to Central America from Southeast Asia to be grown closer to markets in the United States and Canada. How is the , Posted 7 years ago. Which of the following best describes advances in the production of textiles during the Second Agricultural Revolution and the Industrial Revolution? However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. In other words, plasma . Heroes and Highlights in the History of Diffusion. Imagine now that you have a second cup with \(100 \: \text{mL}\) of water, and you add \(45 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Which of the following best explains the process illustrated by the image? Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post Because it is faster to u, Posted 7 years ago. The cell membrane has pores that let only water and glucose into the cell and carbon dioxide out. A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. The mechanization of farming in the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in more reliable crop harvests and healthier populations in areas where the mechanization was adopted. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell through a protein channel with its concentration gradient. Similarly, two miscible liquids will also diffuse into each other to form a uniform solution. Diffusion. When placed in a hypertonic solution, a red blood cell will lose water and undergo crenation (shrivel). For instance, most of a red blood cells energy is used to maintain internal sodium and potassium levels that differ from those of the surrounding environment. As an example, while gases and small molecules like methane or water can diffuse freely across a plasma membrane, larger charged molecules like carbohydrates or nucleic acids need the help of transmembrane proteins forming pores or channels. Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid . Midlatitude climates tend to support similar agricultural crops and practices, such as wheat farming in the United States and China. Facilitated diffusion requires the assistance of proteins. So something must protect the cell and allow it to survive in its water-based environment. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Cells may lyse when placed into a hypertonic environment. For example, how might this play into why coffee and tea always start with hot water? What would happen if a cell dissolved in water, like sugar does? answer choices The English language initially diffused to North America through the process of relocation diffusion. PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter, PS3.C: Relationship Between Energy and Forces. Image 2 shows an innovation that occurred in the Second Agricultural Revolution, reducing the amount of labor needed and increasing crop yields. The three main kinds of passive transport are diffusion (or simple diffusion), osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{W}_{\text {cycle }}=250 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=200 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { c. } \dot{W}_{\text {cycle }}=350 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=150 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { d. } \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=200 \mathrm{kW}}\end{array} To extend the example given above, if the block of dry ice is broken into multiple pieces, the area that interacts with the atmosphere immediately increases. Figure showing the transport cycle of the sodium-potassium pump. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack Everything in the cell sits in the cytosol, like fruit in a Jell-o mold. What transport process can create a concentration gradient for sodium across the plasma membrane? Diffusion will continue until the concentration gradient has been eliminated. For instance, when water is mixed with glycerol, over time the two liquids diffuse radially into each other. (Show the details. We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. With increase in temperature, the kinetic energy of all particles in the system increases. Several large cities on the East Coast provide a growing market and shorter distances for transporting market gardening products. Would remain unchanged B. During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. What part of a cell membrane is usually in contact with the interstitial fluid? "Permeable" means that anything can cross a barrier. A Diffusion provides encryption strength, while confusion provides data integrity B. Diffusion provides function integrity, while confusion provides encryption confidentiality. Which Of The Following Best Explains Diffusion Quizlet? Biology Dictionary. A. Diffusion is a physical process that refers to the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration. Option C is the correct answer because Cultural divergence (CD) happens when two cultures separate, therefore CD explains the best concept of driving forces of contemporary cultural diffusion. sideropenia _____________________________________________________. Which of the following best explains the potential impact of rising global temperatures on agricultural regions? At equilibrium, there is equal movement of materials in both directions. These farmers and traders exchanged the domesticated plants between themselves. Channels Channel proteins span the membrane and make hydrophilic tunnels across it, allowing their target molecules to pass through by diffusion. As a simple example, a few crystals of sugar in a glass of water will slowly dissolve over time. An example of this is the way the noxious smell of ammonia gas spreads in air. Which cell junctions prevent substances from passing between adjacent cells? 0 To produce a mRNA molecule to deliver the genetic instructions outside the nucleus. This is because in hot water, the water molecules have more energy and are moving faster than the molecules of cold water. Concentric rings of different agricultural activities surrounding a city in the midwestern United States. Through a process of passive diffusion, without the active involvement of any other molecule oxygen passes through the capillary membrane and enters cells. Which of the following best explains the reasons for the similarities and differences between the two land survey systems shown? The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Direct link to auzennesylvester92's post Are these pumps negativel, Posted 5 years ago. In this conformation, the pump no longer likes to bind to sodium ions (has a low affinity for them), so the three sodium ions are released outside the cell. These channels are . The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called ________. For example, oxygen is at a higher concentration inside arteries and arterioles, when compared with the oxygen levels in actively respiring cells. In each cycle, three sodium ions exit the cell, while two potassium ions enter. Typically, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from high concentrations to lower concentrations. Hi, I'm just a little curious, why can't 3 potassium ions be pumped out and 2 sodium ions pumped in(the other way around)? The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. This results in swelling of the cell and potential hemolysis (bursting) of the cell. This type of transport is known as _____. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. In chemical processes, diffusion is often the central principle driving many reactions. For instance, in the example about the diffusion of iodine gas, if the crucible is placed in another closed container and iodine crystals are heated for an extended period of time, the rate at which the purple gas seems to disappear at the mouth of the crucible will reduce. Allison Soult, Ph.D. (Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky). movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? Which of the following best describes the survey system used in both locations shown? The difference in the concentrations of the molecules in the two areas is called the concentration gradient. 60 seconds. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a . These molecules diffuse freely in and out of the cell, along their concentration gradient. Lipids do not mix with water (recall that oil is a lipid), so the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane acts as a barrier, keeping water out of the cell, and keeping the cytoplasm inside the cell. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? 1. Active transport works by using a phosphate group from ATP to change the shape of the protein and thus do work. Also, it is spatially more available than in the case of ATP. Muscle cells require an abundant amount of ATP to function. The end result is an equal concentration, or equilibrium, of molecules on both sides of the membrane. The greater the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion. Which of the following correctly compares the significance of the different technologies shown in the images? Which of the following best explains why the New England region, located in the northeastern United States, would specialize in market gardening agriculture rather than other types of agriculture, such as grain farming? this is in relation to the electrochemical gradient section. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? Direct link to Sam's post 1) The "sodium/glucose sy, Posted 7 years ago.

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